About 5:39 p.m. on February 16, 1996, Maryland Rail Commuter (MARC) train 286 collided with National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak) passenger train 29 near Silver Spring, Maryland. En route from Brunswick, Maryland, to Union Station in Washington, DC, MARC train 286 was traveling under CSX Transportation Inc. (CSXT) operation and control on CSXT tracks. MARC train 286 passed an APPROACH signal before making a station stop at Kensington, Maryland; proceeded as if the signal had been CLEAR; and, then, could not stop for the STOP signal at Georgetown Junction, where it collided with Amtrak train 29. All 3 CSXT operating crewmembers and 8 of the 20 passengers on MARC train 286 were killed in the derailment and subsequent fire. Eleven passengers on MARC train 286 and 15 of the 182 crewmembers and passengers on Amtrak train 29 were injured. Estimated damages exceeded $7.5 million.
We determined that the probable cause of this accident was the apparent failure of the engineer and the traincrew because of multiple distractions to operate MARC train 286 according to signal indications and the failure of the Federal Railroad Administration, the Federal Transit Administration, the Maryland Mass Transit Administration, and the CSX Transportation Inc. to ensure that a comprehensive human factors analysis for the Brunswick Line signal modifications was conducted to identify potential sources of human error and to provide a redundant safety system that could compensate for human error.
Contributing to the accident was the lack of comprehensive safety oversight on the CSX Transportation Inc./Maryland Rail Commuter system to ensure the safety of the commuting public. Contributing to the severity of the accident and the loss of life was the lack of appropriate regulations to ensure adequate emergency egress features on the railroad passenger cars.
We made recommendations to the Federal Railroad Administration, the Federal Transit Administration, CSX Transportation Inc., the Maryland Mass Transit Administration, the U.S. Department of Transportation, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Governor and the General Assembly of the State of Maryland, the Association of American Railroads, the Baltimore County Emergency Management Agency, the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments, the Jefferson County Commissioners, the Berkeley County Commissioners, the American Short Line Railraod Association, the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, the United Transportation Union, the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, and the American Public Transit Association.
We reiterated recommendations to the Federal Railraod Administration, and the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors.
